Vol. 13. Núm. 67.
Páginas 3933-3941 (Noviembre 2022)

Actualización
Cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas

Non-small cell lung cancer

A. Gómez-LópezF. Revuelta-SalgadoR. García-Luján
Doi : https://10.1016/j.med.2022.11.002
Opciones
Resumen

El cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas (CPNCP) continúa siendo el tumor pulmonar más frecuente y el adenocarcinoma el predominante. En España, el CPNCP se sitúa en cuarta posición con más de 250000 casos diagnosticados en el año 2019, siendo el tabaco el principal factor de riesgo entre otros factores ambientales y de predisposición genética. Resulta muy interesante el cribado para la detección precoz entre la población de riesgo, y así interferir a tiempo con el desarrollo, en la mayoría de los casos silente y amenazador hasta su diagnóstico final. Tras el análisis genético obtenido en las muestras citohistológicas y la planificación multidisciplinar del tratamiento, la cirugía curativa para estadios iniciales y la inmunoterapia, junto con la quimiorradioterapia en los estadios avanzados, continúan siendo las estrategias terapéuticas con mayor éxito en cuanto a la supervivencia.

Palabras clave
Cáncer de pulmón
Tabaco
PET-TC
Estadificación
Inmunoterapia
Abstract

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) continues to be the most common lung cancer and adenocarcinoma is the most predominant. In Spain, NSCLC is the fourth most common with more than 250,000 cases diagnosed in 2019. Tobacco use is the principal risk factor among other environmental factors and genetic predisposition. Screening for early detection among the at-risk population is of interest in order take timely action during its development, which in most cases is silent and life-threatening until its final diagnosis. After a genetic analysis obtained from cytohistological samples and multidisciplinary treatment planning, curative surgery in initial stages and immunotherapy together with chemotherapy and radiotherapy in advanced stages remain the most successful therapeutic strategies in regard to survival.

Keywords
Lung cancer
Tobacco
PET-CT scan
Staging
Immunotherapy

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