Resumen
Por su importancia en el anciano, la desnutrición debe ser detectada precozmente dados sus efectos sobre la morbimortalidad y funcionalidad. En la práctica clínica existen herramientas validadas en los diferentes contextos en los que se puede valorar al anciano, fundamentalmente hospital, residencias y comunidad. Esta heterogeneidad exige de una intervención multidisciplinar que aborde el problema de la desnutrición no solo desde el punto de vista médico, sino también social y funcional. En términos de intervención se destaca que las recomendaciones sobre proteínas se incrementan especialmente en aquellos ancianos que sufren sarcopenia u obesidad sarcopénica. Por otra parte, en la actualización se plantea el abordaje del anciano diabético teniendo en cuenta las características que le diferencian del sujeto más joven, sobre todo en términos de fragilidad.
Palabras clave
Desnutrición
Fragilidad
Diabetes
Anciano
Abstract
It is important to detect undernutrition properly considering the effects over morbidity, mortality and functional status. In clinical practice there are multiple useful validated questionnaires to be used in the different contexts: hospital, nursing home and community. This profile needs a multidisciplinary intervention to study nutritional status, not only from a medical perspective, but also taking into account social and functional aspects. In the intervention phase it is important to consider the higher protein requirements, especially in those who suffer sarcopenia or sarcopenic obesity. In the chapter elderly diabetes care is also described, establishing differences in terms of frailty.
Keywords
Undernutrition
Frailty
Diabetes
Elderly
Identifíquese
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