Vol. 13. Núm. 81.
Páginas 4781-4788 (Junio 2023)

Actualización
Tubulopatías

Tubulopathies

B. Rivas BecerraC. Vega-CabreraG. Fernández-Juárez
Doi : https://10.1016/j.med.2023.06.003
Opciones
Resumen

Las tubulopatías son un grupo heterogéneo de patologías que pueden afectar a distintos segmentos del túbulo renal. Estas tubulopatías pueden ser simples, cuando afectan a un único transportador, o complejas, cuando son varios los transportadores afectados. Estas tubulopatías también podrán ser hereditarias o adquiridas. Dependiendo de la función tubular que se encuentre afectada, cada entidad tiene una edad de aparición, manifestaciones clínicas y analíticas, gravedad y pronóstico propios. El diagnóstico se basará en una adecuada historia clínica que incluya antecedentes familiares (consanguinidad), exploración física que recoja datos de presión arterial, talla, peso, así como alteraciones de los sentidos. Será fundamental la realización de adecuados análisis de función renal y tubular, pruebas de estimulación y de imagen.

Palabras clave
Tubulopatía proximal
Síndrome de Bartter
Síndrome de Gitelman
Acidosis metabólica
Anion gap
Diabetes insípida
Síndrome de Fanconi
Acidosis tubular renal
Potasio
Sodio
Abstract

The tubulopathies are a heterogeneous group of pathologies that can affect different segments of the renal tubules. They may be simple, when they affect a single transporter, or complex, when several transporters are involved. They may also be hereditary or acquired. Depending on the tubular function that is involved, each entity corresponds to an age when it appears as well as clinical and analytical manifestations, degree of severity and prognosis. Diagnosis is based on an appropriate clinical history that includes family history (consanguinity), a physical examination that includes data on blood pressure, height and weight, together with any sensory disorders. Appropriate analysis of kidney and tubular functioning will be fundamental, together with stimulation and imaging tests.

Keywords
Proximal tubulopathy
Bartter's syndrome
Gitelman's syndrome
Metabolic acidosis
Anion gap
Insipid diabetes
Fanconi's syndrome
Renal tubular acidosis
Potassium
Sodium

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