Vol. 12. Núm. 2.
Páginas 57-65 (Febrero 2016)

Actualización
Dispepsia. Clasificación y manejo diagnóstico-terapéutico

Dyspepsia. Diagnostic-therapeutic classification and management

A. BordaF. Estremera
Doi : https://10.1016/j.med.2016.01.010
Opciones
Resumen
Introducción

La dispepsia es un término que agrupa un conjunto heterogéneo de síntomas que tienen su origen en el abdomen superior, siendo considerada una causa frecuente de consulta.

Etiopatogenia

En la mayor parte de los pacientes es catalogada de origen funcional. Su fisiopatología no está aclarada, englobando múltiples mecanismos como enlentecimiento del vaciamiento gástrico, hipersensibilidad visceral, presencia de infección por Helicobacter pylori o factores ambientales o genéticos.

Diagnóstico

La historia clínica continúa siendo un arma clave para definir la estrategia terapéutica a seguir, que nos llevará a realizar una gastroscopia inicialmente, en función de la edad del paciente y la existencia de síntomas de alarma.

Tratamiento

En caso contrario, el planteamiento de testar la presencia de H. pylori mediante pruebas no agresivas se considera aceptado en nuestro medio, realizando tratamiento antisecretor o antidepresivo en los casos en los que no se demuestre infección o recidiven o persistan los síntomas tras la erradicación.

Palabras clave
Dispepsia no investigada
Dispepsia orgánica
Dispepsia funcional
Helicobacter pylori
Abstract
Introduction

Dyspepsia brings together a diverse set of symptoms that have their origin in the upper abdomen, and is considered a common cause of consultation.

Aetiopathogenesis

Most of the patients are listed functional origin. Its pathophysiology is unclear, encompassing multiple mechanisms as slow gastric emptying, visceral hypersensitivity, presence of Helicobacter pylori infection or genetic or environmental factors.

Diagnosis

The history remains a key weapon to define the therapeutic strategy that will take us to perform a gastroscopy initially, depending on the patient's age and the existence of warning signs.

Treatment

Otherwise, the approach to test for the presence of H. pylori using aggressive testing is considered not accepted in our environment, making antisecretory therapy or antidepressant in cases where no proven infection or recidiven or symptoms persist after eradication.

Keywords
Uninvestigated dyspepsia
Organic dyspepsia
Functional dyspepsia
Helicobacter pylori

Identifíquese

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